The general layout design of the process plant in a beneficiation plant is an important part of the overall design of the enterprise. After the decision of the site of the plant, it further determines the industrial layout design of the relationship between the plant and the related facilities. The design involves the technical process, the area, the production management, the environmental protection, the plant area greening and so on. The design should be considered as a whole and comprehensive planning.
1.Composition of mineral processing workshop
The process workshop of beneficiation plant by crushing and screening plant, the main plant, processing plant, various concentrate ore bin, belt conveyor corridor and transport station, pump station, reagent preparation, laboratory, laboratory, equipment and materials integrated warehouse etc., is the basis of the overall layout of mineral processing plant. Large and complex beneficiation plant can be divided into smaller units according to the production process, such as coarse crushing station, secondary and fine crushing plant, screening workshop, roasting workshop, washing workshop, heavy medium workshop, main workshop, Concentrate Dewatering workshop, drying plant, proportioning packing workshop, etc.
Fig1. General layout drawing of an iron ore beneficiation plant
1.primary crushing workshop;2.transportation station；3.middle hopper；4.secondary crushing workshop；5.fine crushing workshop；6.screening workshop；7-9. transportation station；10.FOB；11.main workshop；12.thickener；13.reclaim water pump station；14.tailings pump station；15.tailings electrical building；16.screening electrical building；17.crushing electrical building
2.Basic principles of workshop layout
1）The layout of the workshop should fully reflect the characteristics of the process flow, and make the low investment, fast construction and the production and maintenance convenient on the overall arrangement. Production safety and environmental protection requirements, and the production of mechanization, automation and reasonable production line layout to create conditions.
2）The layout of the workshop should be reasonable and the use of the terrain should be reasonable and the public utilities should be considered. Under the technical allowable conditions, all the pipelines should be allocated by common pole, common ditch and common rack.
3）The facilities of laboratory, laboratory, lime warehouse, coal yard, reagent preparation room, roasting workshop and drying workshop must meet the relevant standards and regulations in aspects of wind direction, fire prevention, sanitation, explosion-proof and anticorrosion.
Fig2. General layout drawing of a flotation beneficiation plant
1.primary crushing workshop；2. transportation station；3.secondary and fine crushing workshop；4.screening workshop；5. transportation station；6.FOB；7.grinding and flotation workshop；8. Desliming pool；9.middling thickener；10.concentrate thickener；11.filtering and concentrate storage house；12.reclaim pump house；13. Boiler house；14. General substation；15.reagent producing workshop；16.spare parts house；17.electrical building；18. Laboratory house
4）The necessary space for development should be reserved, and some specific arrangements should be made for the recent development, and the necessary sites should be left for the project of forward planning.
5）The relationship between tailings, waterways, general plane transportation, electric power, ventilation, machine repair, thermal engineering and other auxiliary buildings must be well dealt with during the process of workshop layout.
6）Tailings should try to create conditions for self flow and reduce the total cost of beneficiation. When the tailings are transported by pressure, the reasonable position should be determined through the technical and economic demonstration. When using dry tailings conveying, beneficiation plant layout design to deal with the transportation and stockpiling of tailings dewatering, and make proper arrangements.
Fig3. General layout plan of a lead-zinc ore beneficiation plant
7）The raw material yard, all kinds of power supply, water supply facilities, warehouse and living facilities should be considered synthetically.
8）The layout and space treatment of construction should be coordinated with each other. The layout of the site should be clear and orderly. The workshop which is similar to the production property, fire prevention and sanitation requirements should be arranged in the same area, and create conditions for the greening of the plant area.
9）The outdoor configuration can be considered in areas with suitable climate; in the cold area, we should consider the measures of thawing and thermal insulation of the ore, and all plants should consider heating, and the underground pipes and slurry pipes must be under the permafrost.
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