In the mineral processing plant, feeding equipment is an important auxiliary equipment, mainly used for the material smoothly and continuously into the crusher, ball mill and other equipment, suitable for different equipment and working environment of the feeding equipment, reasonable selection of feeding equipment for the operation of the production line is very important.
The belt feeder is a kind of belt conveyor with large pressure and short length. It is a kind of more economical feeding equipment. The belt speed is generally below 0.3m/s, and the belt speed of the feeder can be properly referred to 1m/s if the belt feeder has a gate valve to control the amount of material. The belt feeder is suitable for the conveying material less than 350mm. When the material is larger than 350mm, it is not recommended to use this equipment. The structure of the commonly used belt feeder is shown in Figure 1.
Fig1. structure of belt feeder
1. transmission drum；2.up roller；3.lower roller；4.tension device；5. nonloaded cleanser；6.cleanser；7. Conveyor belt；8.frame
The apron feeder commonly used in beneficiation plant has two kinds of heavy and medium size. The heavy apron feeder can withstand the impact of 10 tons load truck. The maximum feeding granularity can exceed 1000mm, while the medium-sized feeder can not exceed 350mm. The width of the chain plate of the apron feeder is generally 2 to 2.5 times the size of the feed material, and the belt speed is generally 0.025-0.15m/s. The structure of the apron feeder is shown in Figure 2.
Fig2. structure of apron feeder
3.Chute feeder
The trough feeder can be erected on the ground and can be hoisted above the silo. The flute floor is reciprocated, its punching time is 20~60 t/min, and the stroke is 20~200mm. The stroke can be adjusted by the eccentric wheel of the driving device, and the eccentricity is half of the stroke. According to the production practice of some mineral processing plants, the eccentricity should not be less than 30mm for the dry ore. The slot width of the slot feeder is about 2~2.5 times the maximum grain size of the feed. The structure of the slot feeder is shown in Figure 3.
Fig3. structure of chute feeder
1. Eccentric wheel；2. connecting rod；3.bottom plate；4.roller；5.chute body；6.silo
4.Pendulum feeder
The pendulum feeder is mostly used as the feeding equipment for the material collecting belt conveyor of the ball mill. The structure of the pendulum feeder is shown in Figure 4.
Fig4. structure of pendulum feeder
The disc feeder is mainly suitable for the feeding of the powder ore below 20mm, and the common disk feeder structure is shown in Fig5.
Fig5. structure of disc feeder
6.Electromagnetic vibrating feeder
Electromagnetic vibrating feeder is simple in structure, easy to operate, no need for lubrication, small power consumption, and can be evenly adjusted to the amount of ore, so it has been widely used. However, the amplitude of the equipment is small, high frequency, the viscosity of the wet powder material should not be used. The amount of processing of the electromagnetic vibration feeder with the grain size of material thinner and the increase of moisture content will also decline. Too thick material will also affect its production, usually as the feeding equipment for the granularity below 50mm. The junction of the equipment of the electromagnetic feeder is shown in Figure 6.
Fig6. structure of electromagnetic vibrating feeder
7.vibrating discharge machine
Vibrating discharge machine is a kind of equipment which has been widely used in recent years. It is also used for mineral drainage in mineral processing plant. The machine has two forms of the sitting type and the type of the vibrator. There are two kinds of connection between the vibrator and the tank. Mainly by the vibrating table, vibrator, broken arch etc.. The structure of the equipment is shown in Figure 7.
Fig 7. structure of vibrating discharge machine
1. Eccentricity；2.vibrating motor；3.chute；4.hoist frame；5.broken arch；6.rubber spring；7.seal plate
8.Ore discharge valve
The ore discharge valve is the simplest ore drawing equipment, which has three kinds of manual, pneumatic and electric. They can only be applied to the free flow of loose material drawing and made the automatic control requirements of the ore bin. As shown in Figure 8, it is the structure of several common ore relief valves.
Fig8.ore discharge valve
a is a flat valve driven by a motor, suitable for dry concentrate powder and coarse and heavy, wet magnetic separation concentrate powder; b is the lateral single finger valve for the following 200mm material, generally refers to the manual; c is shaped valve, suitable for coarse material, particle size up to discharge about 500mm, generally for compressed air driven; d is a pneumatic chute, for the following 200mm material; e is bottom unload type single sector valve, manual, pneumatic or hydraulic drive and other forms; f is the bottom unload type double fan-shaped valve for the following 300mm material.
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