Sinonine know that in a beneficiation plant, if ore material content much mud or impurity, it should adopt washing process to enrich the ore first and then to next separation processing such as flotation, gravity, magnetic etc. Washing is mainly used in the enrichment process of industrial minerals, coal, aggregates, sand and gravel, normally with the products in solid form. (size =1 mm and coarser).

Washing equipments include Log washers, Wet vibrating Screens, Aquamator Separators, Tumbling Scrubbers, Attrition Scrubbers etc.

1. Log washers

Single or double shaft log washers are used for washing of gravel. Contaminated material is fed at the trough bottom and is transported upwards by blades in a screw pattern due to friction between the material. Effluent in slurry form leaves via an overflow weir..

2. Wet vibrating screens

Water spraying can be used to wash materials on a screen regardless of hole size in the screening media. If the hole size is 20 mm or less, water spraying increases the capacity (inversely proportional to the hole size).

3.Aquamator separator

The Aquamator is developed for efficient washing of waste material of lower densities like coal, wood etc. Used mainly for gravel, chippings and demolition rubble. The water and feed form a bed with a density high enough  enabling light material to float off.

4.Tumbling scrubber

If solids of rock, gravel or minerals contain a high and sticky content of clay and dirt that has to be removed, wet screening is normally not effective enough. A medium speed washing drum for scrubbing solids against solids is then the option. The drum is relatively short in relation to its diameter. Water requirements per ton is the same as for wet screening.

5. Attrition scrubber

These attrition scrubbers are mainly used for washing of material below 10 mm in size. Very high energy inputs are possibly used for washing of silica sand for glass making and cleaning of foundry sand. The machine is also suitable for clay blunging and lime slacking.

All washing operations are normally consuming a lot of expensive water. Not only costly, but also containing a lot of washing effluents both coarse and fine. Water and effluents that have to be processed partly to recover some value (coarse material and water), partly to protect the environment from damage (sludge fractions)