In the mineral processing plant, the ore containing mud or dust needs to be washed to remove the impurities and soil from the ore. According to the ore mud content and capacity, a reasonable process flow is designed, and the workshop building configuration should be reasonably arranged.
1. Washing process and workshop configuration of easy washing ore
For easily washable ore, vibrating screen and spiral classifier are used as the main ore washing equipment. The ore washing equipment and crusher can be arranged in the same cross area, and can be arranged into multi-step steps according to the sequence of the process. The characteristics are that the material is self flowing, the operation line is short, and the floor area is less.
As shown in Figure 1, the primary crushed ore is conveyed to secondary crusher feed bin by belt conveyor 1, and then put into a washing screen 3 by feeder 2, the material on the sieve into the cone crusher 5, undersize into the secondary washing screen 4, the material on the sieve and secondary crushing ore are together into fine pre screen (and washing) 6 by the belt conveyer 13 ，above the 6 sieve material into fine cone crusher 7, the discharge and 8 spiral classifier sand collector common belt conveyor sent to main plant ball mill silo, and 6 ande 4 sieve material under gravity to the spiral classifier 8; spiral machine level overflow by sand to the hydrocyclone overflow as the 10, 3 washing screen wash water, sand gravity thickener 11, the bottom of a sand pump 12 is transported to the ball mill, water pump 12 is sent to the concentrator by washing screen for washing.
Fig1.Ore washing, crushing process and workshop arrangement
(a)flowsheet (b)workshop arrangement drawing
2. Washing process and workshop configuration of refractory ore
For difficult ore washing, the ore washing section is larger and the operation line is longer. The production scale is large, the equipment specification is large, the equipment weight is large, and the floor area is large. The equipment configuration should make the material self flow and use the multi-layer configuration to set up the independent washing workshop.
The configuration features are: Equipment such as drum screen and vibrating used for crushing, washing, screening and are on the high floor slab, material under the screen self-flow to the spiral classifier and washing machine on the lower platform.The above sieve matireal,underflower of spiral classifier and washing machine are transported to crushing machine, ball mill ore jigging machine according the working condition.The overflow slurry is transported to thickener. The overflow of thickener is used to wash ores, its underflow is sent to grinding mill and flotation machine workshop by slurry pump.
As shown in Figure 2, the level of material from the conveyor 4 cylinder into the washing machine 1, the sieve material under gravity to the screw washer 2, the sand and the cylindrical sieve material by a belt conveyor 7 transported to the subsequent operation, self overflow screw washer 2 thickener. The clean water for washing water thickener underflow, to grinding.
Figure2．Washing process and workshop configuration of refractory ore
3. Matters needing attention in the configuration of ore washing equipment
1). The feeder of the vibrating screen should be able to adjust speed to overcome the fluctuation of mud content in the feed. The material layer of the screen should be kept uniform. The action point of the washing water should be effective and the water pressure should be enough.
2). The trommel washing screen should be required with feeder, material blocking ring for the flushing water points to be effective, the pressure should be enough. The length of no hole and pore section should be determined according to the washability and grain size of the ore. The size of the sieve hole depends on the size of the material, the adaptability of the successor equipment, the effect of ore washing and screening.
3). The ore washing should be pre wet and hand picking mud, especially refractory ore can improve the washing effect.
4). The washing equipment is very fast wear, so it is necessary to install and replace the equipment which is convenient to replace the parts.
5). The lifting capacity of the slurry pump should be adapted to the fluctuation of the flow rate of the pulp, and the speed regulating device should be adopted.
6). The self flow gradient of all materials must be sufficient. The moisture content of the ore washing product must be reduced by the belt conveyer, and the angle of lifting should be less than 12 degrees.
7). The washing process has larger water consumption and more chance to run water in the process of operation. The floor and platform should have an appropriate slope and a perfect drainage system to ensure a good working environment.
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